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Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī ((ペルシア語:جلالالدین محمد رومی)), also known as Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī (), Mawlānā/Mevlânâ (, "our master"), Mevlevî/Mawlawī (, "my master"), and more popularly simply as Rumi (1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century Persian〔Ritter, H.; Bausani, A. "ḎJ̲alāl al-Dīn Rūmī b. Bahāʾ al-Dīn Sulṭān al-ʿulamāʾ Walad b. Ḥusayn b. Aḥmad Ḵh̲aṭībī." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2007. Brill Online. Excerpt: "known by the sobriquet Mewlānā, persian poet and founder of the Mewlewiyya order of dervishes"〕〔Franklin D. Lewis, "Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The life, Teaching and poetry of Jalal Al-Din Rumi", Oneworld Publication Limited, 2008 p. 9: "How is that a Pesian boy born almost eight hundred years ago in Khorasan, the northeastern province of greater Iran, in a region that we identify today as n Asia, but was considered in those days as part of the greater Persian cultural sphere, wound up in central Anatolia on the receding edge of the Byzantine cultural sphere"〕 poet, jurist, Islamic scholar, theologian, and Sufi mystic.〔Annemarie Schimmel, "The Mystery of Numbers",Oxford University Press, Apr 7, 1994. p. 51: "These examples are taken from the Persian mystic Rumi's work, not from Chinese, but they express the yang-yin relationship with perfect lucidity."〕 Rumi's influence transcends national borders and ethnic divisions: Iranians, Tajiks, Turks, Greeks, Pashtuns, other Central Asian Muslims, and the Muslims of South Asia have greatly appreciated his spiritual legacy for the past seven centuries.〔Seyyed Hossein Nasr, "Islamic Art and Spirituality", Suny Press, 1987. p. 115: "Jalal al-Din was born in a major center of Persian culture, Balkh, from Persian speaking parents, and is the product of that Islamic Persian culture which in the 7th/13th century dominated the 'whole of the eastern lands of Islam and to which present day Persians as well as Turks, Afghans, Central Asian Muslims and the Muslims of the Indo-Pakistani subcontinent are heir. It is precisely in this world that the sun of his spiritual legacy has shone most brillianty during the past seven centuries. The father of Jalal al-Din, Muhammad ibn Husayn Khatibi, known as Baha al-Din Walad and entitled Sultan al-'ulama', was an outstanding Sufi in Balkh connected to the spiritual lineage of Najm al-Din Kubra."〕 His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. Rumi has been described as the "most popular poet" and the "best selling poet" in the United States. Rumi's works are written mostly in Persian, but occasionally he also used Turkish, Arabic, and Greek,〔Δέδες, Δ. 1993. Ποιήματα του Μαυλανά Ρουμή. Τα Ιστορικά 10.18-19: 3-22.〕〔Meyer, G. 1895. Die griechischen Verse in Rabâbnâma. Byzantinische Zeitschrift 4: 401-411.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Untitled Document )〕 in his verse.〔〔 His ''Mathnawī'', composed in Konya, may be considered one of the purest literary glories of the Persian language.〔Louis Gardet, "Religion and Culture" in the "The Cambridge History of Islam — part VIII: Islamic Society and Civilization” — edited by P. M. Holt, Ann K. S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis, Cambridge University Press (1977), p. 586: "It is sufficient to mention 'Aziz al-Din Nasafi, Farid al-Din 'Attar and Sa'adi, and above all Jalal al-Din Rumi, whose Mathnawi remains one of the purest literary glories of Persia"〕〔C.E. Bosworth, "Turkmen Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO HISTORY OF HUMANITY, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkmen must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time). The process of Persianization accelerated in the 13th century with the presence in Konya of two of the most distinguished refugees fleeing before the Mongols, Bahā' al-Dīn Walad and his son Mawlānā Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī, whose Mathnawī, composed in Konya, constitutes one of the crowning glories of classical Persian literature."〕 His works are widely read today in their original language across Greater Iran and the Persian-speaking world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Interview: 'Many Americans Love Rumi...But They Prefer He Not Be Muslim' )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Asia Times Online :: Middle East News, Iraq, Iran current affairs )〕 Translations of his works are very popular, most notably in Turkey, Azerbaijan, the United States, and South Asia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dîvan-i Kebîr Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī )〕 His poetry has influenced Persian literature, but also Turkish, Ottoman Turkish, Azerbaijani, Punjabi, Hindi, and Urdu, as well as the literature of some other Turkic, Iranian, and Indo-Aryan languages including Chagatai, and Pashto. == Name == He is most commonly called 英語:''Rumi'' in English. His full name is ''Jalāl ad-Dīn Muḥammad Balkhī'' ((ペルシア語:جلالالدین محمد بلخى)) or ''Jalāl ad-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī'' (). ''Balkhī'' and ''Rūmī'' are his ''nisbas'', meainng "from Balkh" and "from Rûm" (Persian and Turkish name for Roman Anatolia), respectively. According to the authoritative Rumi biographer Franklin Lewis of the University of Chicago, "()he Anatolian peninsula which had belonged to the Byzantine, or eastern Roman empire, had only relatively recently been conquered by Muslims and even when it came to be controlled by Turkish Muslim rulers, it was still known to Arabs, Persians and Turks as the geographical area of Rum. As such, there are a number of historical personages born in or associated with Anatolia known as Rumi, a word borrowed from Arabic literally meaning 'Roman,' in which context Roman refers to subjects of the Byzantine Empire or simply to people living in or things associated with Anatolia." He is widely known by the sobriquet ''Mawlānā''/''Molānā''〔〔H. Ritter, 1991, ''DJALĀL al-DĪN RŪMĪ'', ''The Encyclopaedia of Islam'' (Volume II: C-G), 393.〕 ((ペルシア語:مولانا) (:moulɒːnɒ)) in Iran and popularly known as in Turkey.〔But also , , and in Modern Turkish.〕 ''Mawlānā'' () is a term of Arabic origin, meaning "our master". The terms ''Mawlawī''/''Molavi'' (Persian) and (Turkish), also of Arabic origin, mean "my master", and are more often used for him.〔Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī (Maulana), Ibrahim Gamard, "Rumi and Islam: Selections from His Stories, Poems, and Discourses, Annotated & Explained", SkyLight Paths Publishing, Feb 1, 2004.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rumi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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